c. Correction of the land registers
In order to make the converted condominium subject to the new regulations and to register existing condominium, the cantons may order the correction of the land registers and issue special procedural regulations for this purpose.
1 Inserted by No IV of the FA of 19 Dec. 1963, in force since 1 Jan. 1965 (AS 1964 993; BBl 1962 II 1461).
V. Easements
1 The easements created before this Code comes into force remain valid following the introduction of the land register even if not registered, but until registered may not be enforced against third parties acting in good faith.
2 Obligations ancillary to easements that were established before the amendment of 11 December 20091 came into force and which are based solely on land register supporting documents may continue to be cited in opposition to third parties who rely on the land register in good faith.2
1AS 2011 4637
2 Inserted by No I 2 of the FA of 11 Dec. 2009 (Register Mortgage Certificates and other amendments to Property Law), in force since 1 Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
VI. Mortgage rights
1. Recognition of the existing document of title
1 Documents of title existing when this Code comes into force remain in force without having to be adapted to the new law.
2 The cantons have the right to require new versions of existing documents of title to be drawn up on the basis of the new law within specific time limits.
2. Creation of liens
1 After this Code comes into force, new mortgage rights may only be created in the forms recognised herein.
2 Until the introduction of the land register, the previous cantonal legal forms for their creation remain valid.
3. Repayment of securities
1 The repayment and modification the title, release from liability under a lien and suchlike are subject to the new provisions following the commencement of the new law.
2 However, until the introduction of the land register, the forms are governed by cantonal law.
4. Extent of liability under the lien
1 In the case of all mortgage rights, the extent of liability under the lien is determined by the new law.
2 However, if by virtue of a special agreement the creditor has validly received certain objects with the property pledged, the lien continues to apply to these objects even if they could not be pledged under the new law.
5. Rights and obligations from the mortgage
a. In general
1 The rights and obligations of the creditor and of the debtor in relation to the contractual effect of liens existing when this Code comes into force are governed by the previous law.
2 In relation to effects that arise by operation of the law which cannot be modified contractually, the new law also applies to existing liens.
3 If the lien applies to two or more parcels of land, liability under the lien continues to be governed by the previous law.
b. Rights to security
The rights of the lien creditor during the existing legal relationship, such as rights to security, and the rights of the debtor are governed by the new law in relation to all liens from the time at which this Code comes into force.
c. Termination, transfer
For liens existing when this Code comes into force, the termination of the secured debts and the transfer the document of title are governed by the previous law, subject to the reservation of the mandatory provisions of the new law.
6. Ranking
1 Until the introduction of the land register, the ranking of liens is governed by the previous law.
2 Following the introduction of the land register, the ranking of creditors is governed by the land register law contained in this Code.
7. Ranking positions
1 In relation to a fixed ranking position or the right of a creditor to claim a vacant position or an advancement in ranking, the new law applies on the introduction of the land register and in every case from five years after this Code comes into force, subject to the reservation of creditors' existing special claims.
2 The cantons may enact further transitional provisions.1
1 Amended by No II 21 of the FA of 15 Dec. 1989 on the Approval of Cantonal Legislation by the Confederation, in force since 1 Feb. 1991 (AS 1991 362; BBl 1988 II 1333).
8. ...
1 Repealed by No I 2 of the FA of 11 Dec. 2009 (Register Mortgage Certificates and other amendments to Property Law), with effect from 1 Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
11. Conversion the form of the mortgage certificate
The landowner and the mortgage certificate creditors may jointly request in writing that a mortgage certificate on paper recorded before the amendment of 11 December 20092 comes into force be converted into a register mortgage certificate.
1 Inserted by No I 2 of the FA of 11 Dec. 2009 (Register Mortgage Certificates and other amendments to Property Law), in force since 1 Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
2AS 2011 4637
VII. Charges on chattels
1. Provisions on form
1 From the date on which the Code comes into force, charges on chattels may only be created in the forms provided for herein.
2 Where a charge on chattels has been created in another form before this time, it is extinguished after a period of six months which begins to run if the debt is due for payment from the date on which the new law comes into force and in other cases from the date on which it becomes due for payment or when termination is permitted.
2. Effect
1 The effects of the charge on chattels, the rights and obligations of the pledgee, of the pledger and of the pledge debtor are governed from the date on which this Code comes into force by the new law, even if the charge was created before that date.
2 An agreement stipulating that the pledged chattel will become the property of the pledgee in the event of default on the part of the debtor that is concluded before this Code comes into force ceases to be valid from that date.
VIII. Special lien
1 A special lien under this Code also extends to objects that were subject to the power of disposal of the creditor before this Code comes into force.
2 It may also be exercised by the creditors in respect of claims that originated before this date.
3 The effect of special liens originating at an earlier date is subject to the provisions of this Code.
IX. Possession
When this Code comes into force, possession becomes subject to the new law.
X. Land register
1. Establishment of the land register
1 After consulting the cantons, the Federal Council shall draw up a plan for the introduction of the land register. It may delegate this responsibility to the competent department or office.1
1 Amended by Annex No II of the FA of 5 Oct. 2007 on Geoinformation, in force since 1 July 2008 (AS 2008 2793; BBl 2006 7817).
2 Repealed by Annex No II of the FA of 5 Oct. 2007 on Geoinformation, with effect from 1 July 2008 (AS 2008 2793; BBl 2006 7817).
2. Official cadastral survey
a. ...
1 Repealed by Annex No II of the FA of 5 Oct. 2007 on Geoinformation, with effect from 1 July 2008 (AS 2008 2793; BBl 2006 7817)
b. Relation to the land register
1 As a general rule, the surveying should precede the establishment of the land register.
2 With consent of the Confederation, however, the land register may be established beforehand if adequate descriptions of the properties are available.
c. Time schedule
2 The surveying and the introduction of the land register may be carried out successively for the individual districts of a canton.
1 Repealed by Annex No II of the FA of 5 October 2007 on Geoinformation, with effect from 1 July 2008 (AS 2008 2793; BBl 2006 7817).
1 Repealed by Annex No II of the FA of 5 October 2007 on Geoinformation, with effect from 1 July 2008 (AS 2008 2793; BBl 2006 7817).
3. Registration of rights in rem
a. Procedure
1 On the introduction of the land register, rights in rem that already exist shall be recorded in the register.
2 For this purpose, an announcement must be made to the public requesting them to give notice of and register these rights.
3 Rights in rem registered under the previous law in public books shall, provided they may be created under the new law, be entered ex officio in the land register.
b. Consequences of non-registration
1 Rights in rem under the previous law that are not registered remain valid but may not be cited in opposition to third parties who rely in good faith on the land register.
2 The Confederation or the cantons may however enact legislation to have all rights in rem that are not recorded in the land register declared invalid after a specific date subject to prior notice.
3 Unregistered public law real burdens and statutory liens under cantonal law created before the amendment of 11 December 20091 comes into force may for a period of ten years from the date on which the amendment comes into force be cited in opposition to third parties who rely on the land register in good faith.2
1AS 2011 4637
2 Inserted by No I 2 of the FA of 11 Dec. 2009 (Register Mortgage Certificates and other amendments to Property Law), in force since 1 Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
4. Abolished rights
1 Rights in rem that may no longer be established under the land register law such as the ownership of trees on another person's land, liens on usufructs and suchlike are not recorded in the land register but must be noted in an appropriate manner.
2 If such rights have lapsed for whatever reason, they may not be re-established.
1 Amended by No IV of the FA of 19 Dec. 1963, in force since 1 Jan. 1965 (AS 1964 993; BBl 1962 II 1461).
5. Postponement in the introduction of the land register
1 The introduction of the land register in accordance with the provisions of this Code may be postponed by the cantons with the authorisation of the Federal Council provided the cantonal provisions on forms of notice, with or without amendments appear to be sufficient to guarantee the effects that the new law requires of the land register.
2 The forms of notice under cantonal law that are intended to guarantee the effects required by the new law must be precisely specified.
6. Introduction of the property law before the land register
The property law under this Code in general comes into force even if the land registers have not been established.
7. Effect of cantonal forms
1 When the property law comes into force and before the introduction of the land register, the cantons may designate the procedures, such those for drawing up documents or registration in the registers for land, liens and servitudes, that will immediately have the effect of being recorded in the land register.
2 Even without or before the introduction of the land register, it may be provided that these procedures have the same effect as being recorded in the land register in the case of the creation, transfer, modification and extinction of rights in rem.
3 However, in the event that the land register itself is not introduced or another equivalent institution established, these procedures do not have the same effect as being recorded in the land register in relation to third parties relying thereon in good faith.
F. Prescription
1 Where the new law specifies a longer period than the previous law, the new law applies, provided prescription has not yet taken effect under the previous law.
2 Where the new law specifies a shorter period, the previous law applies.
3 The entry into force of the new law does not change the date on which an ongoing prescriptive period began, unless the law provides otherwise.
4 Otherwise, the new law governs prescription from the time it comes into force.
1 Amended by Annex No 3 of the FA of 15 June 2018 (Revision of the Law on Prescription), in force since 1 Jan. 2020 (AS 2018 5343; BBl 2014 235).
10. Continued application of previous law to existing forms of lien
1 Land charge certificates and mortgage certificates issued in series remain recorded in the land register.
2 They remain governed by the provisions of the previous law.
3 Cantonal law may provide for the conversion of land charge certificates created under federal law or earlier law into forms of lien under the current law. Conversion may also involve the introduction of personal liability for the owner of the mortgaged property for minor sums.
1 Inserted by No I 2 of the FA of 11 Dec. 2009 (Register Mortgage Certificates and other amendments to Property Law), in force since 1 Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
c. Bereinigung der Grundbücher
Die Kantone können zur Durchführung der Unterstellung des umgewandelten Stockwerkeigentums unter die neuen Vorschriften und zur Eintragung des bestehenden eigentlichen Stockwerkeigentums die Bereinigung der Grundbücher anordnen und dafür besondere Verfahrensvorschriften erlassen.
1 Eingefügt durch Ziff. IV des BG vom 19. Dez. 1963, in Kraft seit 1. Jan. 1965 (AS 1964 993; BBl 1962 II 1461).
V. Grunddienstbarkeiten
1 Die vor dem Inkrafttreten dieses Gesetzes entstandenen Grunddienstbarkeiten bleiben nach der Einführung des Grundbuches auch ohne Eintragung in Kraft, können aber, solange sie nicht eingetragen sind, gutgläubigen Dritten gegenüber nicht geltend gemacht werden.
2 Mit Dienstbarkeiten nebensächlich verbundene Verpflichtungen, die vor dem Inkrafttreten der Änderung vom 11. Dezember 20091 begründet wurden und sich nur aus den Grundbuchbelegen ergeben, können Dritten, die sich in gutem Glauben auf das Grundbuch verlassen, weiterhin entgegengehalten werden.2
1AS 2011 4637
2 Eingefügt durch Ziff. I 2 des BG vom 11. Dez. 2009 (Register-Schuldbrief und weitere Änderungen im Sachenrecht), in Kraft seit 1. Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
VI. Grundpfandrechte
1. Anerkennung der bestehenden Pfandtitel
1 Die zur Zeit des Inkrafttretens dieses Gesetzes bestehenden Pfandtitel bleiben in Kraft, ohne dass deren Anpassung an das neue Recht zu erfolgen hat.
2 Den Kantonen bleibt es jedoch vorbehalten, eine Neuausfertigung der bestehenden Pfandtitel auf der Grundlage des neuen Rechtes mit bestimmten Fristen vorzuschreiben.
2. Errichtung von Pfandrechten
1 Neue Grundpfandrechte können nach dem Inkrafttreten dieses Gesetzes nur noch in den von diesem anerkannten Arten errichtet werden.
2 Für deren Errichtung bleiben bis zur Einführung des Grundbuches die bisherigen kantonal-rechtlichen Formen in Kraft.
3. Tilgung von Titeln
1 Die Tilgung und Umänderung der Titel, die Pfandentlassung u. dgl. stehen nach dem Inkrafttreten des neuen Rechtes unter dessen Vorschriften.
2 Bis zur Einführung des Grundbuches bestimmen sich jedoch die Formen nach kantonalem Recht.
4. Umfang der Pfandhaft
1 Der Umfang der Pfandhaft bestimmt sich für alle Grundpfandrechte nach dem neuen Recht.
2 Hat jedoch der Gläubiger vermöge besonderer Abrede gewisse Gegenstände in rechtsgültiger Weise mit dem Grundstück verpfändet erhalten, so bleibt das Pfandrecht an diesen in Kraft, auch wenn sie nach dem neuen Recht nicht mitverpfändet sein würden.
5. Rechte und Pflichten aus dem Grundpfand
a. Im Allgemeinen
1 Die Rechte und Pflichten des Gläubigers und des Schuldners beurteilen sich, soweit es sich um Vertragswirkungen handelt, für die zur Zeit des Inkrafttretens dieses Gesetzes vorhandenen Pfandrechte nach dem bisherigen Recht.
2 In Bezug auf die von Gesetzes wegen eintretenden und vertraglich nicht abzuändernden Wirkungen gilt von diesem Zeitpunkte an auch für die schon bestehenden Pfandrechte das neue Recht.
3 Erstreckt sich das Pfandrecht auf mehrere Grundstücke, so bleibt die Pfandhaft nach bisherigem Recht bestehen.
b. Sicherungsrechte
Die Rechte des Pfandgläubigers während des bestehenden Verhältnisses, wie namentlich die Sicherungsrechte und ebenso die Rechte des Schuldners stehen für alle Pfandrechte vom Zeitpunkte des Inkrafttretens dieses Gesetzes an unter dem neuen Recht.
c. Kündigung, Übertragung
Die Kündbarkeit der Pfandforderungen und die Übertragung der Pfandtitel werden bei den Pfandrechten, die zur Zeit des Inkrafttretens dieses Gesetzes bereits errichtet sind, nach dem bisherigen Recht beurteilt, unter Vorbehalt der zwingenden Vorschriften des neuen Rechtes.
6. Rang
1 Der Rang der Pfandrechte bestimmt sich bis zur Aufnahme der Grundstücke in das Grundbuch nach bisherigem Recht.
2 Vom Zeitpunkte der Einführung des Grundbuches an richtet sich der Rang der Gläubiger nach dem Grundbuchrechte dieses Gesetzes.
7. Pfandstelle
1 In Bezug auf die feste Pfandstelle oder ein Recht des Gläubigers auf Ein- oder Nachrücken gilt mit der Einführung des Grundbuches und jedenfalls nach Ablauf von fünf Jahren seit dem Inkrafttreten dieses Gesetzes das neue Recht, unter Vorbehalt der für den Gläubiger bestehenden besondern Ansprüche.
2 Die Kantone können weitere Übergangsbestimmungen aufstellen.1
1 Fassung gemäss Ziff. II 21 des BG vom 15. Dez. 1989 über die Genehmigung kantonaler Erlasse durch den Bund, in Kraft seit 1. Febr. 1991 (AS 1991 362; BBl 1988 II 1333).
8. ...
1 Aufgehoben durch Ziff. I 2 des BG vom 11. Dez. 2009 (Register-Schuldbrief und weitere Änderungen im Sachenrecht), mit Wirkung seit 1. Jan. 2012 (AS 2011 4637; BBl 2007 5283).
9. Gleichstellung bisheriger Pfandarten mit solchen des neuen Rechtes
1 Die kantonalen Einführungsgesetze können feststellen, dass im Allgemeinen oder in bestimmter Beziehung eine Grundpfandart des bisherigen Rechtes einer solchen des neuen Rechtes gleichzuhalten sei.
2 Soweit dies geschieht, finden die Bestimmungen dieses Gesetzes mit dessen Inkrafttreten auch Anwendung auf solche kantonale Pfandrechte.
1 Aufgehoben durch Ziff. II 21 des BG vom 15. Dez. 1989 über die Genehmigung kantonaler Erlasse durch den Bund, mit Wirkung seit 1. Febr. 1991 (AS 1991 362; BBl 1988 II 1333).
