2. Form and time limits for declarations on cheques
1 The form of a declaration on a cheque is determined according to the law of the country in whose territory such declaration was signed. However, compliance with the formal requirements laid down by the law of the place of payment is sufficient.
2 Where a declaration on a cheque that is invalid pursuant to the previous paragraph would be valid under the law of the country in whose territory a subsequent declaration is signed, the validity of the later cheque declaration is not affected by any formal defects of the earlier declaration.
3 Similarly, a declaration on a cheque made by one Swiss national abroad is valid as against another Swiss national in Switzerland providing it satisfies the formal requirements laid down by Swiss law.
F. Mandatory law
1 The rights conferred by law on the community of creditors and the bond representative may be neither excluded nor restricted by the bond issue conditions or other special agreements between the creditors and the borrower.
2 This does not apply to provisions made in the bond issue conditions whereby more restrictive requirements are placed on the adoption of resolutions by the creditors’ meeting.
1 Amended by the Federal Act of 18 Dec 1936, in force since 1 July 1937 (AS 53 185; BBl 1928 I 205, 1932 I 217). See the Final and Transitional Provisions to Title XXIV-XXXIII, at the end of this Code.2 Amended by No I of the FA of 1. April 1949, in force since 1 Jan 1950 (AS 1949 I 791 801; BBl 1947 III 869). See also the Final Provisions of the second Sec. of Title XXXIV, at the end of this Code.
I. The Final Title of the Civil Code1 is amended as follows:
...2
II. This Act enters into force on 1 January 1912.
The Federal Council is charged with making arrangements to publicise this Code on the basis of the provisions of the Federal Act of 17 June 18743 on Referendums on Federal Acts and Federal Council Decrees.
C. Transitional law
1 Articles 226f, 226g, 226h, 226i and 226k1 also apply to hire purchase agreements entered into prior to the commencement of this Act.
2 Only Article 226k applies to advance payment agreements entered into prior to the commencement of this Act. These agreements must however be adapted to the provisions of the Article 227b within one year, failing which they lapse and the purchaser must be paid his entire credit balance with all the interest and benefits credited to him.
1 These Articles have now been repealed.
D. Entry into force
The Federal Council determines the date on which this Act enters into force.
1 Inserted by No II of the FA of 23. March 1962, in force since 1 Jan 1963 (AS 1962 1047 1056; BBl 1960 I 523).
A. General rule
1 The final title of the Civil Code applies to this Code unless the following provisions provide otherwise.
2 The provisions of the new Code apply to existing companies from its commencement.
B. Deadline for amendments
1 Limited liability companies entered in the commercial register on the commencement of this Code but which do not fulfil the new requirements must amend their articles of association and regulations to the new provisions within two years.
2 Provisions of the articles of association and regulations that are inconsistent with the new law remain in force until their amendment but for two years at the most.
3 For limited liability companies that are entered in the commercial register when this Code comes into force, Articles 808a and 809 paragraph 4 second sentence only apply after expiry of the period allowed to amend the articles of association.
4 Companies limited by shares and cooperatives that are entered in the commercial register when this Code comes into force whose name does not comply with the new statutory requirements must adapt their name to the new provisions within two years. On expiry of this period, the commercial registry amends the name ex officio.
C. Payment of contributions
1 Where in limited liability companies that are entered in the commercial register when this Act comes into force, allocations have not been made corresponding to the issue price of all capital contributions, these allocations must be made within two years.
2 Until the full payment of the allocation to the level of the capital contributions, the company members are liable in accordance with Article 802 of the Code of Obligations in its version of 18 December 19361.
1 AS 53 185
D. Participation certificates and dividend rights certificates
1 Shares in limited liability companies that indicate a nominal value and which are recorded under liabilities on the balance sheet, but will confer no voting rights (participation certificates), are deemed after two years to be capital contributions with the same property rights if they are not cancelled during this period by means of a reduction in capital. If the shares are cancelled, the former participants must be paid compensation corresponding to the true value of the certificates.
2 The required resolutions of the members' general meeting may be passed with an absolute majority of the votes represented, even if the articles of association provide otherwise.
3 Shares in limited liability companies that are not recorded under liabilities on the balance sheet are governed by the provisions on dividend rights certificates once this Act comes into force, even if they are designated participation certificates. They may not indicate a nominal value and must be designated dividend rights certificates. The designation of the shares and the articles of association must be amended within two years.
E. Own capital contributions
Where limited liability companies acquired their own capital contributions before this Act comes into force, they must, provided they exceed 10 per cent of the nominal capital, sell the same or cancel the same by means of a reduction in capital, within two years.
F. duty to pay in further capital
1 Obligations under the articles of association to pay additional capital contributions that were established before this Act comes into force and that exceed twice the nominal value of the capital contributions, remain legally valid and may only be reduced by following the procedure under Article 795c.
2 Otherwise, the new provisions apply after this Act comes into force, in particular in relation to the call for additional capital contributions.
G. Auditor
The provisions of this Act on the auditor apply from the first financial year that begins when this Act comes into force or thereafter.
H. Voting rights
1 Limited liability companies that have conferred voting rights before this Act comes into force that are not dependent on the nominal value of the capital contributions are not required to amend the corresponding provisions to the requirements von Article 806.
2 On the issue of new capital contributions, Article 806 paragraph 2 second sentence must be observed in every case.
J. Amendment of majority requirements in the articles of association
If a limited liability company, simply by reproducing the provisions of the old law, has adopted provisions in the articles of association that require qualified majorities to pass resolutions at the members' general meeting, the members' general meeting may within two years by an absolute majority of the votes represented resolve to amend these provisions in accordance with the new law.
K. Cancellation of shares and capital contributions in the event of restructuring
If, before this Act comes into force, the share capital or the nominal capital is reduced to zero for the purposes of restructuring and thereafter increased again, the membership rights of the former shareholders or company members cease to exist when this Act comes into force.
L. Exclusivity of registered business names
The exclusivity of business names that were entered in the commercial register before this Act comes into force is assessed in accordance with Article 951 of the Code of Obligations in its version of 18 December 19361.
1 AS 53 185
1 Inserted by No III of the FA of 16. Dec 2005 (Law on Limited Liability Companies and Amendments to the Law on Companies limited by Shares, Cooperatives, the Commercial Register and Business Names), in force since 1 Jan 2008 (AS 2007 4791; BBl 2002 3148, 2004 3969).
The provision in this amendment applies from the first financial year beginning on or after the date on which this amendment comes into force.
A. General rule
1 The provisions of the Final Title of the Civil Code1 apply to this Code unless the following provisions provide otherwise.
2 The provisions of the Amendment of 23 December 2011 apply to existing undertakings from the date on which it comes into force.
B. Commercial accounting and financial reporting
1 The regulations in Title Thirty Two first apply in the financial year that begins two years after this Amendment comes into force.
2 The basis for the application of the provisions on financial reporting by larger undertakings is formed by the balance sheet total, sales revenue and number of full-time positions on annual average in the two years before this Amendment comes into force
3 The provisions on consolidated accounts first apply in the financial year beginning three years after this Amendment comes into force. The two previous financial years form the basis for the exemption from the duty to prepare consolidated accounts.
4 When applying the regulations on financial reporting for the first time, it is not required to specify the figures from previous years. When applying the regulations for the second time, only the figures from the previous year need be specified. If figures from previous financial years are specified, consistency of presentation and structure are not required. Reference must be made to this in the notes to the accounts.
A. General rule
1 Articles 1–4 of the Final Title of the Civil Code1 apply to this Code unless the following provisions provide otherwise.
2 The provisions of the Amendment of 12 December 2014 apply to existing companies on coming into force.
B. Adapting articles of association and regulations
1 Companies entered in the commercial register when the Amendment of 12 December 2014 comes into force that do not comply with the new regulations must adapt their articles of association and regulations to the new provisions within two years.
2 Provisions of articles of association and regulations that are incompatible with the new law remain in force until they are adapted or for a maximum of two years.
C. Obligations to give notice
1 Persons holding bearer shares when the Amendment of 12 December 2014 comes into force must comply with the obligations to give notice under Articles 697i and 697j that apply on acquiring shares
2 The deadline for the lapse of property rights (Art. 697m para. 3) in this case is six months after the Amendment of 12 December 2014 comes into force.
A. General rule
1 Articles 1–4 of the Final Title of the Civil Code1 apply to this Code unless the following provisions provide otherwise.
2 The provisions of the Amendment of 25. September 2015 apply to existing legal entities on coming into force.
B. Amendment of registered business names
General and limited partnerships and partnerships limited by shares that are entered in the commercial register when the Amendment of 25 September 2015 comes into force and whose business name does not comply with the requirements of the Amendment of 25 September 2015 may continue to use their business name without change, provided Articles 947 and 948 of the previous law does not require a change.
C. Exclusivity of the registered business name
If the business name of a general or limited partnership or partnership limited by shares was entered in the commercial register before the Amendment of 25 September 2015 comes into force, its exclusivity is assessed in accordance with Article 946 of the current law and Article 951 of the previous law.
A. General provisions
1 Articles 1–4 of the Final Title of the Civil Code1 apply to this Code unless the following provisions provide otherwise.
2 The provisions of the Amendment of 21 June 2019 apply on its commencement to existing companies.
B. Reporting exceptions to the commercial register office
Companies limited by shares and partnerships limited by shares with bearer shares that have equity securities listed on a stock exchange or whose bearer shares are organised as intermediated securities must request registration in accordance with Article 622 paragraph 2bis by the commercial register office within 18 months of Article 622 paragraph 1bis coming into force.
C. Companies without listed equity securities with bearer shares not organised as intermediated securities
1. Scope of application
Articles 4–8 apply to companies that have no equity securities listed on a stock exchange and whose bearer shares are not organised as intermediated securities, and to companies that have not requested registration in accordance with Article 622 paragraph 2bis.
2. Conversion of bearer shares into registered shares
1 If, 18 months after Article 622 paragraph 1bis comes into force, a company limited by shares or partnership limited by shares still has bearer shares that are not registered in accordance with Article 622 paragraph 2bis, these shares shall by law be converted into registered shares. The conversion takes effect in relation to any person, irrespective of any provisions of the articles of association or commercial register entries that provide otherwise, and irrespective of whether share certificates have been issued or not.
2 The Commercial Register Office shall record the amendments resulting from paragraph 1 ex officio. It shall also enter a note to the effect that the documents contain information that is inconsistent with the entry.
3 The converted shares retain their nominal value, are paid up to the same extent and carry the same voting and property rights. Their transferability is not restricted.
3. Amendment to the articles of association and entry in the commercial register
1 Companies limited by shares and partnerships limited by shares, whose shares have been converted must amend their articles of association when the next opportunity arises to do so.
2 The commercial register office shall reject any application to register any other amendment to the articles of association in the commercial register for as long as this amendment has not been made.
3 A company that has listed equity securities or that has organised its converted shares as intermediated securities need not amend its articles of association provided:
4 If the company has amended the articles of association in accordance with paragraph 1 to take account of the conversion or if an amendment is not required in accordance with paragraph 3, the commercial register office shall delete the note in accordance with Article 4 paragraph 2.
4. Updating of the share register and suspension of rights
1 Following the conversion of bearer shares into registered shares, the company shall enter details of the shareholders that have fulfilled the obligation to give notice in Article 697i of the previous law in the share register.
2 The membership rights of shareholders who have not complied with the obligation to give notice are suspended and their property rights lapse. The board of directors shall ensure that no shareholders exercise their rights while in breach of this provision.
3 An entry shall be made in the share register to the effect that these shareholders have failed to comply with their obligation to give notice and that the rights conferred by the shares may not be exercised.
5. Retrospective notice
1 Shareholders who have failed to comply with their obligation to give notice in accordance with Article 697i of the previous law and whose bearer shares have been converted into registered shares in accordance with Article 4 may with the prior consent of the company apply to the court within five years of Article 622 paragraph 1bis coming into force to be entered in the share register. The court shall grant the application if the shareholder proves his or her shareholder status.
2 The court decides under the summary procedure. The shareholder bears the court costs.
3 If the court grants the application, the company makes the entry. The shareholders may claim the property rights that arise from this date.
6. Permanent loss of shareholder status
1 Shares belonging to shareholders who have not requested the court to approve their entry in the company’s share register in accordance with Article 7 within five years of Article 622 paragraph 1bis coming into force become null and void by law. The shareholders lose the rights conferred by the shares. The shares that are null and void are replaced by the company’s own shares.
2 Shareholders whose shares have become null and void through no fault of their own and who can prove that they were shareholders on the date that the shares became null and void, may within ten years of this date claim compensation from the company. The compensation corresponds to the true value of the shares at the time of their conversion in accordance with Article 4. If the true value of the shares on pursuing the claim is lower than that at the time of their conversion, the company need only pay the lower value. Compensation is excluded if the company does not have the required freely disposable shareholders’ equity.
The Federal Decree of 30 June 19721 on Measures against Abuses in Tenancy Law is repealed.
1 [AS 1972 1502, 1977 1269, 1982 1234, 1987 1189]
1 The provisions governing protection against termination in the renting and leasing of residential and commercial accommodation apply to all residential and commercial leases that are terminated following the commencement of this Act.
2 However, if notice is given of the termination of a residential or commercial lease prior to the commencement of this Act, but with effect from a date thereafter, the time limits for challenging the termination and the request for an extension (Art. 273) begin when this Act comes into force.
1 This Act is subject to an optional referendum.
2 The Federal Council determines the commencement date.
1 Inserted by No II of the FA of 15 Dec 1989, in force since 1 July 1990 (AS 1990 802; BBl 1985 I 1389).
Repeal of federal law provisions
The following provisions are repealed on the commencement of this Act:
1 [BS 8 281; AS 1959 858, 1964 965 No I-III, 1968 64, 1977 2249 No I 611, 1978 1836 Annex No 4, 1982 196 1676 Annex No 1 2184 Art. 114, 1990 1091, 1991 362 No II 412, 1992 288 Annex No 37 2350, 1995 511. AS 1995 1328 Annex No 1]
2 SR 821.41
3 [BS 8 229; AS 1951 1231 Art. 14 para. 2, 1966 57 Art. 68. AS 1983 108 Art. 21 No 3]
4 [BS 2 776; AS 1966 57 Art. 69]
5 [AS 1949 II 1293]
6 [AS 1953 1073, 1954 1364 Art. 1, 1958 659, 1959 588, 1960 1279, 1962 203 1144 Art. 14 1412, 1967 722, 1968 92, 1974 763, 1975 1088, 1977 2249 No I 921 942 931, 1979 2058, 1982 1676 Annex No 6, 1988 640, 1989 504 Art. 33 No c, 1991 362 No II 51 857 Annex No 25 2611, 1992 1860 Art. 75 No 5 1986 Art. 36 para. 1, 1993 1410 Art. 92 No 4 1571 2080 Annex No 11, 1994 28, 1995 1469 Art. 59 No 3 1837 3517 No I 2, 1996 2588 Annex No 2 2783, 1997 1187 1190, 1998 1822. AS 1998 3033 Annex No c]
7 SR 834.1. Now: Federal Act on Compensation for Loss of Earnings for Persons on Military Service or Maternity Leave (Loss of Earnings Compensation Act, LECA).
8 SR 221.215.311
9 [AS 1962 1089, 1964 487 Art. 22 para. 2 No b, 1968 1025 Art. 35, 1969 310 No III, 1971 751, 1978 50 570, 1985 1649, 1990 1882 Annex No 7, 1992 288 Annex No 22, 1993 2043 Annex No 3, 1994 2626 Art. 71]
10 [AS 1965 321 428, 1968 86, 1972 1681, 1975 1078 No III, 1977 2249 No I 331. AS 1979 1687 Art. 75]
11 This Art. has now been repealed.
12 SR 822.11
Amendment of legal relations governed by the old law
Contracts of employment in existence when this Act comes into force (individual contracts of employment, standard employment contracts and collective employment contracts) must be amended in accordance with the provisions hereof within one year; on expiry of this time limit, the provisions hereof apply to all contracts of employment.
2 Occupational benefits schemes in existence when this Act comes into force1 must amend their articles of association or regulations by 1 January 1977 at the latest taking account of the formal requirements of Articles 331 a, 331 b and 331c applicable to the amendment; from 1 January 1977, these provisions apply to all occupational benefits schemes.2
Commencement of the Act
The Federal Council shall determine the commencement date of this Act.
1 Inserted by No II of the FA of 25. June 1971, in force since 1 Jan 1972 (AS 1971 1465; BBl 1967 II 241).
A. Transitional law
1 Articles 418d paragraph 1, 418f paragraph 1, 418k paragraph 2, 418o, 418p, 418r and 418s apply immediately to agency contracts already in existence when the new law comes into force.
2 In other respects, agency contracts already in existence when the new law comes into force must be amended in accordance with the new provisions within two years. After this time limit expires, the new law also applies to agency contracts entered into previously.
3 In the absence of an agreement to the contrary, on expiry of two years, the provisions this Section also apply to contracts already in existence when the new law comes into force relating to agents who act as such as a subsidiary occupation
C. Entry into force
The Federal Council determines the commencement date of this Act.
1 Inserted by No II of the FA of 4 Feb. 1949, in force since 1 Jan 1950 (AS 1949 I 802; BBl 1947 III 661).
1 The provisions of the new law apply to all contracts of surety entered into after this Act comes into force.
2 Contracts of surety entered into after this Act comes into force are subject to the provisions of the new law only with regard to matters that arise subsequently and with following restrictions:
3 Articles 77–80 of the Customs Act of 18 March 20052 are reserved.3
4 The Federal Council determines the commencement date of this Act.
1 Inserted by No II of the FA of 10 Dec 1941, in force since 1 July 1942 (AS 58 279 644; BBl 1939 II 841).
2 SR 631.0
3 Amended by Annex No 2 of the Customs Act of 18 March 2005, in force since 1 May 2007 (AS 2007 1411; BBl 2004 567).
A. Scope of application of the Final Title
The provisions of the Final Title of the Civil Code1 also apply to this Act.
B. Adaptation of existing companies to the new law
I. In general
1 Companies limited by shares, partnerships limited by shares and cooperatives that are entered in the commercial register when this Act comes into force, but which do not meet the statutory requirements, must amend their articles of association in accordance with the new provisions within five years.
2 During this period, they are subject to the previous law where their articles of association are contrary to the new provisions.
3 If the companies fail to comply with this provision, on expiry of the deadline, they must be declared dissolved ex officio by the commercial registrar.
4 The Federal Council may extend the application of the old law in the case of insurance and credit cooperatives on a case-by-case basis. Any application in relation thereto must be filed within three years of this Act coming into force.
II. Welfare schemes
Where companies limited by shares, partnerships limited by shares and cooperatives have prior to the entry into force of this Act clearly provided funds to establish and support welfare schemes for employees and for members, they must adapt these schemes within five years to the provisions of Articles 6731 and 8622.
1 Repealed by Annex No 2 of the Mergers Act of 3 Oct. 2003, with effect from 1 July 2004 (AS 2004 2617; BBl 2000 4337).
C. Balance sheet provisions
I. Exception for extraordinary circumstances
1 The Federal Council is entitled where extraordinary economic circumstances so require to enact provisions that permit deviations from the requirements relating to balance sheets laid down in this Act. Any resolution of the Federal Council to this effect must be published.
2 If a Federal Council decree of this nature applies to the preparation of a balance sheet, this must be stated on the balance sheet.
D. Conditions for liability of members
1 The rights of creditors existing when this Act comes into force are not adversely affected by changes to the provisions of this law relating to the conditions for liability of members.
2 Cooperatives, whose members are personally liable for the obligations of the cooperative only by virtue of Article 689 of the previous Code of Obligations1, remain subject to the provisions of the previous law for five years.
3 During this period, resolutions on the full or partial exclusion of personal liability or an express finding of liability may be passed in the general meeting by an absolute majority of the votes cast. Article 889 paragraph 2 on departure does not apply.
1 AS 27 317
E. Business names
1 Business names in existence when this Act comes into force that do not comply with its provisions may continue to be used unchanged for a further two years.
2 If any change is made before the expiry of this deadline, the change must comply with the current law.
F. Securities
I. Registered securities
Savings bank and deposit account books, and savings and deposit certificates issued before this Act comes into force as registered securities are subject to the provisions of Article 977 on the cancellation of debt instruments even if the borrower has not expressly reserved the right in the instrument not to make payment without sight of the debt instrument or and without cancellation.
II. Shares
1. Nominal value
Shares that were issued before this Act comes into force may
2. Bearer shares not fully paid up
1 Bearer shares and interim certificates issued before this Act comes into force are not subject to Articles 683 and 688 paragraphs 1 and 3.
2 The legal relationship between the subscriber to and acquirer of these shares is governed by the previous law.
III. Bills of exchange and cheques
Bills of exchange and cheques issued before this Act comes into force are governed by the previous law in all transactions.
G. Community of creditors
The Ordinance of 20 February 19181 relating to the community of bond creditors and the provisions of the supplementary Federal Council Decrees2 continue to apply to the cases to which they applied previously.
H. ...
1 Repealed by No I No c of the Annex to the IPLA of 18 Dec 1987, with effect from 1 Jan 1989 (AS 1988 1776; BBl 1983 I 263).
J. Amendment of the Debt Collection and Bankruptcy Act
...1
1 The amendments may be consulted under AS 53 185.
K. Relationship to the Banking Act
I. General reservation
The provisions of the Banking Act of 8 November 19341 are reserved.
L. Repeal of federal private law
On the entry into force of this Act, the federal private law provisions that are inconsistent herewith, and in particular, the Third Division of the Code of Obligations entitled "Commercial Enterprises, Securities and Business Names" (Federal Act of 14 June 18811 on the Code of Obligations, Art. 552–715 and 720–880) are repealed.
1 [AS 5 635, 11 490; BS 2 784 Art. 103 para. 1. BS 2 3 Final Title Art. 60 para. 2]
M. Commencement of this Act
1 This Act comes into force on 1 July 1937.
2 Excepted from the foregoing is the Section on the community of bond creditors (Art. 1157–1182), the commencement date for which will be determined by the Federal Council.1
3 The Federal Council is responsible for the implementation of this Act.
1 This section was brought into force in the version contained in the Federal Act of 1 April 1949. For the original version of the text, see AS 53 185.
1 Inserted by the Federal Act of 18 Dec 1936, in force since 1 July 1937 (AS 53 185; BBl 1928 I 205, 1932 I 217).
B. Amendment in accordance with the new law
I. In general
1 Companies limited by shares and partnerships limited by shares that are entered in the commercial register when this Act comes into force, but which do not comply with the new statutory provisions, must amend their articles of association to the new provisions within five years.
2 Companies which, despite being publicly required to do so through repeated notice in the Swiss Official Gazette of Commerce and in the cantonal official gazettes, do not within five years amend the provisions of their articles of association governing minimum capital, the minimum contribution and the participation and dividend rights certificates, will be dissolved by the court at the request of the commercial registrar. They may allow an additional period of a maximum of six months. Companies that were established before 1 January 1985 are exempted from the amendment of the provision of their articles of association on minimum capital. Companies whose participation capital on 1 January 1985 was more than twice the share capital are exempted from having to amend the statutory limit.
3 Other provisions of the articles of association that are incompatible with the new law remain in force until they are amended, but for five years at the most.
II. Individual provisions
1. Participation and dividend rights certificates
1 Articles 656a, 656b paragraphs 2 and 3, 656c and 656d as well as 656g apply to companies existing when this Act comes into force, including in cases where the articles of association or conditions of issue are contrary to the said articles. They apply to securities that are designated participation certificates or dividend rights certificates, have a nominal value and are recorded as liabilities on the balance sheet.
2 The companies must include the conditions of issue for the securities mentioned in paragraph 1, adapted to Article 656f in the articles of association within five years, arrange for the required entries to be made in the commercial register and provide securities that are in circulation and not designated as participation certificates with that designation.
3 For securities other than those mentioned in paragraph 1 the new provisions governing the dividend rights certificates apply even if they are designated as participation certificates. Within five years, they must be designated in accordance with the new law and may no longer bear a nominal value. The articles of association must be amended accordingly. The right to convert them into participation certificates is reserved.
2. Refusal to accept registered shareholders
Further to Article 685d paragraph 1, the company may, on the basis of a provision of the articles of association, refuse to accept persons as acquirers of registered shares listed on the stock market, provided and for as long as their acceptance could prevent the company from providing evidence of the composition of the shareholder groups as required by federal legislation.
3. Shares with preferential voting rights
Companies that retain shares with preferential voting rights with a nominal value of under ten francs, in application of Article 10 of the Final and Transitional provisions of the Federal Act of 18 December 19361 on the Revision of Titles 24–33 of the Code of Obligations, as well as companies, where the nominal value the larger shares is more than ten times the nominal value of the smaller shares are not required to amend their articles of association in accordance with Article 693 paragraph 2 second sentence. However, they are not permitted to issue any new shares whose nominal value is more than ten times that of the smaller shares or less than ten per cent of the nominal value of the larger shares.
1 See above.
4. Qualified majorities
Where a company has adopted provisions in its articles of association governing qualified majorities for certain resolutions by simply reproducing provisions of the previous law, it may within one year of this Act coming into force resolve to amend such provisions in accordance by an absolute majority of the voting rights represented.
D. Referendum
This Act is subject to an optional referendum.
F. Dretg stringent
1 Ils dretgs che la lescha attribuescha a la cuminanza dals crediturs ed al represchentant da quels na pon ni vegnir exclus ni vegnir limitads tras las cundiziuns d’emprest u tras cunvegnas spezialas tranter ils crediturs ed il debitur.
2 Resalvadas restan las disposiziuns pli rigurusas da las cundiziuns d’emprest che pertutgan il proceder da la radunanza dals crediturs per cuntanscher ils conclus.
1 Versiun tenor la cifra I da la LF dal 1. d’avr. 1949, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 1950 (AS 1949 I 791 801; BBl 1947 III 869). Guardar las disposiziuns finalas da quest chapitel (segund chapitel dal titel XXXIV) a la fin dal DO.
I. Il titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 vegn midà sco suonda:
II. Questa lescha entra en vigur il 1. da schaner 1912.
Il Cussegl federal è incumbensà da publitgar questa lescha sin basa da las disposiziuns da la Lescha federala dals 17 da zercladur 18743 concernent la votaziun dal pievel davart leschas federalas e davart conclus federals.
C. Dretg transitoric
1 Ils artitgels 226f, 226g, 226h, 226i e 226k1 vegnan er applitgads per contracts da pajament en ratas ch’èn vegnids fatgs avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur.
2 Per contracts cun pajaments en ratas anticipadas ch’èn vegnids fatgs avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur vegn applitgà mo l’artitgel 226k. Tals contracts ston dentant vegnir adattads entaifer 1 onn a las disposiziuns da l’artitgel 227b, cas cuntrari perdan els lur vigur ed i sto vegnir pajà ora al cumprader ses entir dabun, inclusiv tut ils tschains e tut las bunificaziuns.
1 Quests artitgels èn ussa abolids.
D. Entrada en vigur
Il Cussegl federal fixescha il termin che questa lescha entra en vigur.
1 Integrà tras la cifra II da la LF dals 23 da mars 1962, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 1963 (AS 1962 1047; BBl 1960 I 523).
A. Regla generala
1 Il titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer vala per questa lescha, uschenavant che las suandantas disposiziuns na prevesan betg insatge auter.
2 Il mument che la nova lescha entra en vigur vegnan sias disposiziuns applitgablas per societads existentas.
B. Termin d’adattaziun
1 Societads cun responsabladad limitada ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur e che na correspundan dentant betg a las novas prescripziuns ston adattar entaifer 2 onns lur statuts e lur reglaments a las novas disposiziuns.
2 Disposiziuns dals statuts e dals reglaments che n’èn betg cumpatiblas cun il nov dretg restan en vigur fin a l’adattaziun, maximalmain dentant anc 2 onns.
3 Per societads cun responsabladad limitada ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur vegnan applitgads ils artitgels 808a ed 809 alinea 4 segunda frasa pir suenter ch’il termin per adattar ils statuts è scadì.
4 Societads anonimas ed associaziuns ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur e da las qualas la firma na correspunda betg a las novas prescripziuns legalas, ston adattar lur firma a las novas disposiziuns entaifer 2 onns. Suenter la scadenza da quest termin adatta il register da commerzi d’uffizi la firma.
C. Prestaziun dals apports
1 Sch’i n’èn – en societads cun responsabladad limitada ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur – vegnids prestads nagins apports che correspundan a l’import d’emissiun da tut las quotas da basa, ston quels vegnir prestads entaifer 2 onns.
2 Fin ch’ils apports a l’import dal chapital da basa n’èn betg vegnids prestads cumplainamain, stattan ils associads buns tenor l’artitgel 802 da la versiun dals 18 da december 19361 dal Dretg d’obligaziuns.
1 AS 53 185
D. Certificats da participaziun e certificats da giudida
1 Participaziuns a societads cun responsabladad limitada, che han ina valur nominala e che vegnan decleradas tar las passivas da la bilantscha, che na dattan dentant nagin dretg da votar (certificats da participaziun), valan suenter la scadenza da 2 onns sco quotas da basa cun ils medems dretgs da facultad, sch’ellas na vegnan betg annulladas entaifer quest termin cun ina reducziun dal chapital. Sche las participaziuns vegnan annulladas, ston ils participants vertents vegnir indemnisads a l’import da la valur reala.
2 Ils conclus necessaris da la radunanza dals associads pon vegnir prendids cun la maioritad absoluta da las vuschs represchentadas, er sch’ils statuts prevesan insatge auter.
3 Per participaziuns a societads cun responsabladad limitada che na vegnan betg decleradas tar las passivas da la bilantscha vegnan applitgadas – suenter che questa lescha è entrada en vigur – las prescripziuns davart ils certificats da giudida, e quai er, sch’ellas èn designadas sco certificats da participaziun. Ellas na dastgan inditgar nagina valur nominala e ston vegnir designadas sco certificats da giudida. La designaziun dals titels ed ils statuts ston vegnir adattads entaifer 2 onns.
E. Atgnas quotas da basa
Sche societads cun responsabladad limitada han acquistà atgnas quotas da basa avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur, ston ellas alienar quellas u annullar quellas tras ina reducziun dal chapital, uschenavant che las atgnas quotas da basa surpassan 10 pertschient dal chapital da basa.
F. Obligaziun da far pajaments supplementars
1 Las obligaziuns statutaras da far pajaments supplementars ch’èn vegnidas fundadas avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha e che surpassan il dubel da la valur nominala da las quotas da basa, mantegnan lur valaivladad giuridica e pon vegnir reducidas mo en la procedura tenor l’artitgel 795c.
2 Suenter che questa lescha è entrada en vigur vegnan dal rest applitgadas las novas prescripziuns, uschia en spezial per incassar ils pajaments supplementars.
G. Post da revisiun
Las disposiziuns da questa lescha che concernan il post da revisiun valan a partir da l’emprim onn da gestiun che cumenza cun l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha u suenter.
H. Dretg da votar
1 Societads cun responsabladad limitada che han fixà – avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha – il dretg da votar independentamain da la valur nominala da las quotas da basa, na ston betg adattar las disposiziuns correspundentas a las pretensiuns da l’artitgel 806.
2 Sch’i vegnan edidas novas quotas da basa, sto l’artitgel 806 alinea 2 segunda frasa vegnir resguardà en mintga cas.
J. Adattaziun da las relaziuns da maioritad statutaras
Sch’ina societad cun responsabladad limitada ha integrà – e quai mo cun repeter disposiziuns dal dretg vegl – prescripziuns en ils statuts che prevesan maioritads qualifitgadas per las deliberaziuns tras la radunanza dals associads, po la radunanza dals associads concluder entaifer 2 onns cun la maioritad absoluta da las vuschs represchentadas che questas disposiziuns vegnian adattadas al nov dretg.
K. Annullaziun d’aczias e da quotas da basa a chaschun d’ina sanaziun
Sch’il chapital d’aczias u sch’il chapital da basa è vegnì reducì a nulla ed alura puspè augmentà per intents da sanaziun, e quai avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha, van ils dretgs da commembranza dals acziunaris u dals associads anteriurs a perder tras l’entrada en vigur.
L. Exclusivitad da firmas inscrittas
L’exclusivitad da firmas ch’èn vegnidas inscrittas en il register da commerzi avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur sa giuditgescha tenor l’artitgel 951 da la versiun dals 18 da december 19361 dal Dretg d’obligaziuns.
1 AS 53 185
1 Integrà tras la cifra III da la LF dals 16 da dec. 2005 (dretg da ScRL sco er adattaziuns en il dretg d’aczias, en il dretg d’associaziun, en il dretg dal register da commerzi ed en il dretg da firmas), en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 2008 (AS 2007 4791; BBl 2002 3148, 2004 3969).
La disposiziun da questa midada vala a partir da l’emprim onn da gestiun che cumenza cun l’entrada en vigur da questa midada u suenter.
1 AS 2011 5863; BBl 2008 1589
A. Regla generala
1 Las disposiziuns dal titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 valan per questa lescha, uschenavant che las suandantas disposiziuns na prevesan betg insatge auter.
2 A partir dal mument che las disposiziuns da la midada dals 23 da december 2011 entran en vigur, èn ellas applitgablas per las interpresas existentas.
1 SR 210
B. Contabilitad commerziala e rendaquint
1 Las prescripziuns dal trentadusavel titel vegnan applitgadas per l’emprima giada per l’onn da gestiun che cumenza 2 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da questa midada.
2 Per l’applicaziun da las disposiziuns davart il rendaquint d’interpresas pli grondas èn decisivs la summa da bilantscha, il retgav da la svieuta sco er las plazzas a temp cumplain en la media annuala dals 2 onns da gestiun che precedan l’entrada en vigur da questa midada.
3 Las disposiziuns davart il quint dal concern vegnan applitgadas per l’emprima giada per l’onn da gestiun che cumenza 3 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da questa midada. Per la liberaziun da l’obligaziun da far in quint dal concern èn decisivs ils 2 onns da gestiun precedents.
4 Tar l’emprima applicaziun da las prescripziuns davart il rendaquint poi vegnir desistì da numnar las cifras dals onns precedents. Tar la segunda applicaziun ston vegnir inditgadas mo las cifras da l’onn precedent. Sch’i vegnan numnadas las cifras dals onns da gestiun precedents, poi vegnir renunzià a la cuntinuitad da la preschentaziun ed a la structura. En l’agiunta stoi vegnir rendì attent quest fatg.
1 AS 2012 6679; BBl 2008 1589
A. Regla generala
1 Ils artitgels 1–4 dal titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 valan per questa lescha, uschenavant che las suandantas disposiziuns na prevesan betg insatge auter.
2 A partir dal mument che las disposiziuns da la midada dals 12 da december 2014 entran en vigur, èn ellas applitgablas per las societads existentas.
1 SR 210
B. Adattaziun dals statuts e dals reglaments
1 Societads ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che la midada dals 12 da december 2014 entra en vigur, ma che na correspundan betg a las novas prescripziuns, ston adattar lur statuts e lur reglaments entaifer 2 onns a las novas disposiziuns.
2 Las disposiziuns dals statuts e dals reglaments che n’èn betg cumpatiblas cun il dretg nov restan en vigur fin a l’adattaziun, maximalmain dentant anc 2 onns.
C. Obligaziuns d’annunzia
1 Persunas che tegnan gia aczias al possessur il mument che la midada dals 12 da december 2014 entra en vigur, ston ademplir las obligaziuns d’annunzia che valan tenor ils artitgels 697i e 697j per l’acquist d’aczias.
2 Il termin per la perdita dals dretgs da facultad (art. 697m al. 3) scada en quest cas 6 mais suenter l’entrada en vigur da la midada dals 12 da december 2014.
1 AS 2015 1389; BBl 2014 605
A. Regla generala
1 Ils artitgels 1–4 dal titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 valan per questa lescha, uschenavant che las suandantas disposiziuns na prevesan betg insatge auter.
2 A partir dal mument che las disposiziuns da la midada dals 25 da settember 2015 entran en vigur, èn ellas applitgablas per las unitads giuridicas existentas.
1 SR 210
B. Adattaziun da firmas inscrittas
Societads collectivas, societads commanditaras e societads acziunaras commanditaras, las qualas èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument da l’entrada en vigur da la midada dals 25 da settember 2015 e da las qualas la firma na correspunda betg a las prescripziuns da questa midada dals 25 da settember 2015, pon manar vinavant lur firma senza midadas, uschè ditg ch’ils artitgels 947 e 948 dal dretg vertent na pretendan betg ina midada.
C. Exclusivitad da la firma inscritta
Sche la firma d’ina societad collectiva, d’ina societad commanditara u d’ina societad acziunara commanditara era vegnida inscritta en il register da commerzi avant l’entrada en vigur da la midada dals 25 da settember 2015, vegn sia exclusivitad giuditgada tenor l’artitgel 946 dretg actual e tenor l’artitgel 951 dal dretg anteriur.
1 AS 2016 1507; BBl 2014 9305
A. Disposiziuns generalas
1 Ils artitgels 1–4 dal titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 valan per questa lescha, uschenavant che las suandantas disposiziuns na prevesan betg insatge auter.
2 A partir dal mument che las disposiziuns da la midada dals 21 da zercladur 2019 entran en vigur, èn ellas applitgablas per las societads existentas.
1 SR 210
B. Annunzia dals cas excepziunals a l’uffizi dal register da commerzi
Societads anonimas e societads acziunaras commanditaras cun aczias al possessur, che han quotà titels da participaziun a la bursa u che han aczias al possessur ch’èn concepidas sco vaglias contabilisadas, ston dumandar l’uffizi dal register da commerzi – entaifer 18 mais dapi l’entrada en vigur da l’artitgel 622 alinea 1bis – da far l’inscripziun tenor l’artitgel 622 alinea 2bis.
C. Societads senza titels da participaziun quotads a la bursa, da las qualas las aczias al possessur n’èn betg concepidas sco vaglias contabilisadas
1. Champ d’applicaziun
Ils artitgels 4–8 valan per societads che n’han betg quotà titels da participaziun a la bursa e che n’han naginas aczias al possessur ch’èn concepidas sco vaglias contabilisadas, sco er per societads che n’han betg dumandà l’inscripziun tenor l’artitgel 622 alinea 2bis.
2. Conversiun d’aczias al possessur en aczias al num
1 Sche societads anonimas e societads acziunaras commanditaras han – suenter 18 mais dapi l’entrada en vigur da l’artitgel 622 alinea 1bis – anc aczias al possessur che n’èn betg vegnidas inscrittas tenor l’artitgel 622 alinea 2bis, vegnan quellas convertidas tras lescha en aczias al num. La conversiun s’effectuescha envers mintga persuna, independentamain d’eventualas disposiziuns statutaras d’in auter cuntegn u d’inscripziuns en il register da commerzi ed independentamain dal fatg, sche titels da las aczias èn vegnids emess u betg.
2 L’uffizi dal register da commerzi mida d’uffizi las inscripziuns che resultan da l’alinea 1. El inscriva er ina remartga ch’ils mussaments cuntegnian indicaziuns che divergeschan da l’inscripziun.
3 Las aczias convertidas mantegnan lur valur nominala, lur quota da liberaziun sco er lur qualitads areguard il dretg da votar ed areguard las pretensiuns patrimonialas. Lur transmissibladad n’è betg limitada.
3. Adattaziun dals statuts ed inscripziun en il register da commerzi
1 Las societads anonimas e las societads acziunaras commanditaras, da las qualas las aczias èn vegnidas convertidas, ston adattar ils statuts a la conversiun a chaschun da la proxima midada dals statuts.
2 Fin che questa adattaziun n’è betg vegnida fatga, refusa l’uffizi dal register da commerzi mintga annunzia da laschar inscriver in’autra midada dals statuts en il register da commerzi.
3 Sch’ina societad ha titels da participaziun quotads a la bursa u sche sias aczias convertidas èn concepidas sco vaglias contabilisadas, na sto ella betg adattar ses statuts, premess che:
4 Sche la societad ha adattà ils statuts a la conversiun tenor l’alinea 1 u sch’ina adattaziun n’è betg necessaria tenor l’alinea 3, stizza l’uffizi dal register da commerzi la remartga tenor l’artitgel 4 alinea 2.
4. Actualisaziun dal register da las aczias e suspensiun da dretgs
1 Suenter la conversiun d’aczias al possessur en aczias al num inscriva la societad en il register da las aczias ils acziunaris che han ademplì lur obligaziun d’annunzia previsa en l’artitgel 697i dal dretg vertent.
2 Ils dretgs da commembranza dals acziunaris che n’han betg ademplì l’obligaziun d’annunzia èn suspendids, ed ils dretgs patrimonials van a perder. Il cussegl d’administraziun procura che nagins acziunaris na fetschian diever da lur dretgs violond questa disposiziun.
3 En il register da las aczias vegni inscrit che quests acziunaris n’hajan betg ademplì l’obligaziun d’annunzia e ch’els na possian betg far diever dals dretgs ch’èn colliads cun las aczias.
5. Annunzia posteriura
1 Acziunaris che n’han betg ademplì lur obligaziun d’annunzia tenor l’artitgel 697i dal dretg vertent e dals quals las aczias al possessur èn vegnidas convertidas en aczias al num tenor l’artitgel 4, pon dumandar la dretgira – entaifer 5 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da l’artitgel 622 alinea 1bis e cun il consentiment precedent da la societad – da vegnir inscrits en il register da las aczias da la societad. La dretgira accepta la dumonda, sche l’acziunari cumprova sia qualitad d’acziunari.
2 La dretgira decida en la procedura summarica. L’acziunari sto pajar ils custs da dretgira.
3 Sche la dretgira accepta la dumonda, fa la societad l’inscripziun. Ils acziunaris pon far valair ils dretgs patrimonials che resultan a partir da quest mument.
6. Perdita definitiva da la qualitad d’acziunari
1 Aczias d’acziunaris che n’han – entaifer 5 onns suenter l’entrada en vigur da l’artitgel 622 alinea 1bis – betg dumandà la dretgira da vegnir inscrits en il register da las aczias da la societad tenor l’artitgel 7, daventan tras lescha nunvalaivlas. Ils acziunaris perdan lur dretgs ch’èn colliads cun las aczias. Las aczias nunvalaivlas vegnan remplazzadas tras atgnas aczias.
2 Acziunaris, dals quals las aczias èn daventadas nunvalaivlas senza atgna culpa, pon far valair in dretg d’indemnisaziun envers la societad entaifer 10 onns suenter il mument che las aczias daventan nunvalaivlas, sch’els cumprovan ch’els avevan la qualitad d’acziunari, cur che las aczias èn daventadas nunvalaivlas. L’indemnisaziun correspunda a la valur effectiva da las aczias il mument da lur conversiun tenor l’artitgel 4. Sche la valur effectiva da las aczias è – il mument ch’il dretg vegn fatg valair – pli bassa ch’il mument da lur conversiun, debitescha la societad questa valur pli bassa. Ina indemnisaziun è exclusa, sche la societad na dispona betg da l’agen chapital libramain disponibel necessari.
1 AS 2019 3161; BBl 2019 279
Il Conclus federal dals 30 da zercladur 19721 davart mesiras cunter l’abus en ils fatgs da locaziun vegn abolì.
1 [AS 1972 1502, 1977 1269, 1982 1234, 1987 1189]
1 Las prescripziuns davart la protecziun cunter la disditga abusiva en cas d’ina locaziun ed en cas d’ina fittanza da localitads d’abitar e da fatschenta èn applitgablas per tut las relaziuns da locaziun e da fittanza che vegnan disditgas suenter l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha.
2 Sch’ina relaziun da locaziun u da fittanza è vegnida disditga avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha, dentant cun l’effect per in termin suenter l’entrada en vigur, cumenzan ils termins per contestar la disditga e per pretender ina prolungaziun (art. 273) cun l’entrada en vigur da la lescha.
1 Questa lescha è suttamessa al referendum facultativ.
2 Il Cussegl federal fixescha l’entrada en vigur.
1 Integrà tras la cifra II da la LF dals 15 da dec. 1989, en vigur dapi il 1. da fan. 1990 (AS 1990 802; BBl 1985 I 1389).
Midada da la Lescha davart il contract d’assicuranza
1 Las modificaziuns pon vegnir consultadas en la AS 1971 1465.
Midada da la Lescha davart l’agricultura
1 Las modificaziuns pon vegnir consultadas en la AS 1971 1465.
Aboliziun da prescripziuns federalas
Cun l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha vegnan abolids:
1 [BS 8 281; AS 1959 858, 1964 965 cifras I–III, 1968 64, 1977 2249 cifra I 611, 1978 1836 agiunta cifra 4, 1982 196 1676 agiunta cifra 1 2184 art. 114, 1990 1091,1991 362 cifra II 412, 1992 288 agiunta cifra 37 2350, 1995 511. AS 1995 1328 agiunta cifra 1]
2 SR 821.41
3 [BS 8 229; AS 1951 1231 art. 14 al. 2, 1966 57 art. 68. AS 1983 108 art. 21 cifra 3]
4 [BS 2 776; AS 1966 57 art. 69]
5 [AS 1949 II 1293]
6 [AS 1953 1073, 1954 1364 art. 1, 1958 659, 1959 588, 1960 1279, 1962 203 1144 art. 14 1412, 1967 722, 1968 92, 1974 763, 1975 1088, 1977 2249 cifra I 921 942 931, 1979 2058, 1982 1676 agiunta cifra 6, 1988 640, 1989 504 art. 33 lit. c, 1991 362 cifra II 51 857 agiunta cifra 25 2611, 1992 1860 art. 75 cifra 5 1986 art. 36 al. 1, 1993 1410 art. 92 cifra 4 1571 2080 agiunta cifra 11, 1994 28, 1995 1469 art. 59 cifra 3 1837 3517 cifra I 2, 1996 2588 agiunta cifra 2 2783, 1997 1187 1190, 1998 1822. AS 1998 3033 agiunta lit. c]
7 SR 834.1. Ussa: LF davart l’urden da cumpensaziun dal gudogn per persunas che prestan servetsch ed en cas d’ina maternitad (L davart l’urden da cumpensaziun dal gudogn, LCG).
8 SR 221.215.311
9 [AS 1962 1089, 1964 487 art. 22 al. 2 lit. b, 1968 1025 art. 35, 1969 310 cifra III, 1971 751, 1978 50 570, 1985 1649, 1990 1882 agiunta cifra 7, 1992 288 agiunta cifra 22, 1993 2043 agiunta cifra 3, 1994 2626 art. 71]
10 [AS 1965 321, 1968 86, 1972 1681, 1975 1078 cifra III, 1977 2249 cifra I 331. AS 1979 1687 art. 75]
11 Quest artitgel è ussa abolì.
12 SR 822.11
Adattaziun da relaziuns giuridicas ch’èn naschidas sut il dretg vegl
1 Ils contracts da lavur (contracts individuals da lavur, contracts normals da lavur e contracts collectivs da lavur) ch’existan il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur ston vegnir adattads a sias prescripziuns entaifer in termin dad 1 onn; suenter la scadenza da quest termin èn sias prescripziuns applitgablas per tut ils contracts da lavur.
2 Las instituziuns da prevenziun per il persunal ch’existan il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur1 han d’adattar fin il pli tard il 1. da schaner 1977 lur statuts u lur reglaments als artitgels 331a, 331b e 331c, resguardond las prescripziuns formalas che valan per la midada; a partir dal 1. da schaner 1977 èn questas disposiziuns applitgablas per tut las instituziuns da prevenziun per il persunal2.
Entrada en vigur da la lescha
Il Cussegl federal fixescha il termin che questa lescha entra en vigur.
1 Integrà tras la cifra II da la LF dals 25 da zer. 1971, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 1972 (AS 1971 1465; BBl 1967 II 241).
A. Dretg transitoric
1 Per ils contracts d’agentura ch’existan gia il mument, ch’il nov dretg entra en vigur, vegnan applitgads immediatamain ils artitgels 418d alinea 1, 418f alinea 1, 418k alinea 2, 418o, 418p, 418r e 418s.
2 Dal rest ston ils contracts d’agentura ch’existan il mument, ch’il nov dretg entra en vigur, vegnir adattads a sias prescripziuns entaifer in termin da 2 onns. Suenter la scadenza da quest termin è il nov dretg er applitgabel per ils contracts d’agentura ch’èn vegnids fatgs pli baud.
3 Per ils contracts d’agentura ch’existan il mument, ch’il nov dretg entra en vigur, e che pertutgan agents, che exequeschan in’activitad d’agent mo sco professiun accessorica, vegnan, nun ch’i dettia cunvegnas cuntrarias, applitgadas medemamain las prescripziuns da quest chapitel suenter la scadenza da 2 onns.
C. Entrada en vigur
Il Cussegl federal fixescha il termin che questa lescha entra en vigur.
1 Integrà tras la cifra II da la LF dals 4 da favr. 1949, en vigur dapi il 1. da schan. 1950 (AS 1949 I 802 808; BBl 1947 III 661).
1 Las disposiziuns dal nov dretg vegnan applitgadas per tut las garanzias ch’èn vegnidas surpigliadas suenter che questa lescha è entrada en vigur.
2 Per garanzias ch’èn vegnidas surpigliadas avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur vegnan applitgadas las disposiziuns dal nov dretg mo pertutgant ils fatgs ch’èn succedids pli tard e cun las suandantas restricziuns:
3 Las prescripziuns dals artitgels 77–80 da la Lescha da dazi dals 18 da mars 20052 restan resalvadas.3
4 Il Cussegl federal fixescha il termin che questa lescha entra en vigur.
A. Applitgabladad dal titel final
Las prescripziuns dal titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 vegnan er applitgadas per questa lescha.
1 SR 210
B. Adattaziun da veglias societads al dretg nov
I. En general
1 Societads anonimas, societads acziunaras commanditaras ed associaziuns ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur, che na correspundan dentant betg a las prescripziuns legalas, han dad adattar lur statuts a las novas disposiziuns entaifer 5 onns.
2 Durant quest termin èn ellas suttamessas al dretg vertent, uschenavant che lur statuts stattan en cuntradicziun cun las novas disposiziuns.
3 Sche las societads n’adempleschan betg questa prescripziun, vegnan ellas decleradas d’uffizi sco schliadas tras l’administratur dal register da commerzi.
4 Per associaziuns d’assicuranza e per associaziuns per credits po il Cussegl federal prolungar l’applitgabladad dal dretg vegl en il singul cas. La dumonda al sto vegnir fatga avant che 3 onns èn scadids dapi che la lescha è entrada en vigur.
II. Fonds da prevenziun
Sche societads anonimas, sche societads acziunaras commanditaras e sche associaziuns han – avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha – destinà en moda evidenta parts da lur facultad per fundar e per sustegnair instituziuns da prevenziun, han ellas d’adattar quests fonds entaifer 5 onns a las disposiziuns dals artitgels 6731 ed 8622.
1 Abolì tras la cifra 2 da l’agiunta da la L dals 3 d’oct. 2003 davart la fusiun, cun effect dapi il 1. da fan. 2004 (AS 2004 2617; BBl 2000 4337).
C. Prescripziuns concernent la bilantscha
I. Resalva da relaziuns extraordinarias
1 Il Cussegl federal ha il dretg, sche relaziuns economicas extraordinarias pretendan quai, da decretar disposiziuns che permettan a las persunas, ch’èn obligadas da far ina bilantscha, da betg stuair observar tuttas disposiziuns da questa lescha che pertutgan las prescripziuns concernent la bilantscha. In tal conclus dal Cussegl federal sto vegnir publitgà.
2 Sch’in tal conclus dal Cussegl federal è vegnì applitgà per far la bilantscha, sto quai vegnir remartgà en la bilantscha.
D. Relaziuns da responsabladad dals associads
1 Las midadas che las prescripziuns da questa lescha chaschunan per las relaziuns da responsabladad dals associads na pregiuditgeschan betg ils dretgs dals crediturs ch’existan il mument che la lescha entra en vigur.
2 Las associaziuns, da las qualas ils commembers stattan buns persunalmain per las obligaziuns da l’associaziun, e quai mo sin basa da la prescripziun da l’artitgel 689 dal Dretg d’obligaziuns vertent1 èn suttamess per 5 onns a las disposiziuns dal dretg vertent.
3 Durant quest termin po la radunanza generala concluder cun la maioritad absoluta da las vuschs davart l’exclusiun totala u parziala da la responsabladad persunala u constatar expressivamain la responsabladad persunala. La prescripziun da l’artitgel 889 alinea 2 davart l’extrada na vegn betg applitgada.
1 AS 27 317
E. Firmas commerzialas
1 Las firmas ch’existan il mument che questa lescha entra en vigur e che na correspundan betg a sias prescripziuns, dastgan exister vinavant senza midadas durant 2 onns.
2 En cas ch’i dettia midadas da tge spezia ch’i saja avant la scadenza da quest termin, ston las firmas dentant vegnir messas en concordanza cun la lescha actuala.
F. Vaglias ch’èn vegnidas emessas pli baud
I. Titels nominals
Ils cudeschets da spargn e da deposits sco er ils certificats da spargn e da deposit ch’èn vegnids emess sco titels nominals avant che questa lescha è entrada en vigur èn suttamess a las prescripziuns da l’artitgel 977 davart l’annullaziun da certificats da debit, e quai er alura, sch’il debitur n’ha betg resalvà en il titel expressivamain per sasez il dretg da pajar valaivlamain senza ch’il titel vegnia preschentà u senza ch’el saja annullà.
II. Aczias
1. Valur nominala
Aczias ch’èn vegnidas emessas avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha pon:
2. Aczias al possessur betg pajadas entiramain
1 Aczias e certificats provisorics al possessur ch’èn vegnids emess avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha n’èn betg suttamess a las disposiziuns dals artitgels 683 e 688 alineas 1 e 3.
2 La relaziun giuridica dals sutsegnaders e dals acquistaders da questas aczias sa drizza tenor il dretg vertent.
III. Cambialas e schecs
Cambialas e schecs ch’èn vegnids emess avant l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha èn suttamess en tuts reguards al dretg vertent.
G. Cuminanza dals crediturs
Las disposiziuns da l’Ordinaziun dals 20 da favrer 19181 davart la cuminanza da crediturs en cas d’obligaziuns d’emprest e dals conclus cumplettants dal Cussegl federal2 restan vinavant en vigur per ils cas, per ils quals ellas vegnissan applitgadas.
H.
1 Abolì tras la cifra I litera c da l’agiunta da la LF dals 18 da dec. 1987 davart il dretg internaziunal privat, cun effect dapi il 1. da schan. 1989 (AS 1988 1776; BBl 1983 I 263).
J. Midada da la Lescha federala davart scussiun e concurs
1 Las modificaziuns pon vegnir consultadas en la AS 53 185.
K. Relaziun tar la Lescha da bancas
I. Resalva generala
Las prescripziuns da la Lescha federala dals 8 da november 19341 davart las bancas e cassas da spargn restan resalvadas.
1 SR 952.0
L. Aboliziun dal dretg civil federal
Cun l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha vegnan abolidas las disposiziuns dal dretg civil da la Confederaziun che stattan en cuntradicziun cun quella, en spezial la terza partiziun dal Dretg d’obligaziuns che porta il titel: «Las societads commerzialas, vaglias e firmas commerzialas» (LF dals 14 da zercladur 18811 davart il Dretg d’obligaziuns, art. 552–715 e 720–880).
1 [AS 5 635, 11 490; BS 2 784 art. 103 al. 1; BS 2 3 titel final art. 60 al. 2]
M. Entrada en vigur da questa lescha
1 Questa lescha entra en vigur il 1. da fanadur 1937.
2 Exceptà da quai è il chapitel davart la cuminanza da crediturs en cas d’obligaziuns d’emprest (art. 1157–1182); il Cussegl federal vegn a fixar l’entrada en vigur da quest chapitel.1
3 Il Cussegl federal vegn incumbensà cun l’execuziun da questa lescha.
1 Questa part è vegnida messa en vigur en la versiun da la LF dal 1. d’avr. 1949. Pertutgant il text da la versiun oriunda guardar AS 53 185.
1 Integrà tras la LF dals 18 da dec. 1936 (AS 53 185; BBl 1928 I 205, 1932 I 217).
A. Titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer
Il titel final dal Cudesch civil svizzer1 vala per questa lescha.
1 SR 210
B. Adattaziuns al dretg nov
I. En general
1 Societads anonimas e societads acziunaras commanditaras ch’èn inscrittas en il register da commerzi il mument, che questa lescha entra en vigur, che na correspundan dentant betg a las novas prescripziuns legalas, ston adattar lur statuts a las novas disposiziuns entaifer 5 onns.
2 Societads che n’adattan betg lur statuts entaifer 5 onns a las disposiziuns davart il chapital minimal, davart l’apport minimal e davart ils certificats da participaziun e da giudida, e quai malgrà in appel public ch’è vegnì publitgà pliras giadas en il Fegl uffizial svizzer da commerzi ed en ils fegls uffizials dals chantuns, vegnan schliadas dal derschader sin dumonda da l’administratur dal register. Il derschader po fixar in termin supplementar da maximalmain 6 mais. Societads ch’èn vegnidas fundadas avant il 1. da schaner 1985, èn exceptadas da l’adattaziun da lur disposiziuns statutaras davart il chapital minimal. Societads, da las qualas il chapital da participaziun ha surpassà il dubel dal chapital d’aczias il 1. da schaner 1985, èn exceptadas da l’adattar a la limitaziun legala.
3 Autras disposiziuns statutaras che n’èn betg cumpatiblas cun il nov dretg restan en vigur fin a l’adattaziun, maximalmain dentant anc 5 onns.
II. Singulas disposiziuns
1. Certificats da participaziun e certificats da giudida
1 Cun l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha valan ils artitgels 656a, 656b alineas 2 e 3, 656c e 656d sco er 656g per societads existentas, er sch’ils statuts u sche las cundiziuns d’emissiun stattan en cuntradicziun cun els. Els valan per titels ch’èn designads sco certificats da participaziun e sco certificats da giudida, che han ina valur nominala e ch’èn declerads tar las passivas da la bilantscha.
2 Per ils titels ch’èn numnads en l’alinea 1 ston las societads entaifer 5 onns fixar las cundiziuns d’emissiun en ils statuts e las adattar a l’artitgel 656f, procurar per las inscripziuns necessarias en il register da commerzi e munir ils titels che sa chattan en circulaziun e che n’èn betg designads sco certificats da participaziun cun questa designaziun.
3 Per auters titels che quels ch’èn numnads en l’alinea 1 valan las novas prescripziuns davart ils certificats da giudida, er sch’els èn designads sco certificats da participaziun. Entaifer 5 onns ston els vegnir designads tenor il dretg nov e na dastgan inditgar pli nagina valur nominala. Ils statuts ston vegnir midads correspundentamain. Resalvada resta la transfurmaziun en certificats da participaziun.
2. Refusa da possessurs d’aczias al num
En cumplettaziun da l’artitgel 685d alinea 1 po la societad – sin basa da disposiziuns statutaras – refusar persunas sco acquistadras d’aczias al num ch’èn quotadas a la bursa, uschenavant ed uschè ditg che lur renconuschientscha pudess impedir la societad da preschentar la cumprova da la cumposiziun dal circul dals acziunaris che vegn pretendida da leschas federalas.
3. Aczias cun dretg da votar
Societads che han – applitgond l’artitgel 10 da las disposiziuns finalas e transitoricas da la Lescha federala dals 18 da december 1936 davart la revisiun dals titels 24–33 dal Dretg d’obligaziuns1 – mantegnì aczias cun dretg da votar che han ina valur nominala sut 10 francs, sco er societads, tar las qualas la valur nominala da las aczias pli grondas importa dapli che diesch giadas la valur nominala da las aczias pli pitschnas, na ston betg adattar lur statuts a l’artitgel 693 alinea 2 segunda frasa. Ellas na dastgan dentant emetter naginas aczias novas pli, da las qualas la valur nominala importa dapli che diesch giadas la valur nominala da las aczias pli pitschnas u main che 10 pertschient da la valur nominala da las aczias pli grondas.
1 Guardar l’annotaziun numnada survart.
4. Maioritads qualifitgadas
Sch’ina societad ha integrà – e quai mo cun repeter disposiziuns dal dretg vertent – prescripziuns en ils statuts che prevesan maioritads qualifitgadas per tscherts conclus, po la radunanza dals associads concluder entaifer 1 onn dapi l’entrada en vigur da questa lescha cun la maioritad absoluta da tut las vuschs d’aczias represchentadas che questas disposiziuns vegnian adattadas al nov dretg.
D. Referendum
Questa lescha è suttamessa al referendum facultativ.
