¹ Subsidies are paid for maintaining open farmland. These subsidies include:

a.

a payment per hectare, graduated by zone, in order to encourage the farming of individual zones;

b.

a graduated difficulty payment per hectare based on gradient and type of land-use in hilly areas in order to encourage farming under topographically difficult conditions;

c.

in addition, a graduated payment based on the proportion of hay meadows on steep slopes;

d.

a payment for grazing certain livestock for 100 days on summer pastures for farms run on a year-round basis in order to encourage the use of Alpine pastures;

e.

a summer grazing subsidy, graduated according to livestock category, per livestock unit on summer grazing or per normal stock in order to encourage the use and maintenance of summer pastures.

² In the case of summer grazing subsidies, the Federal Council shall stipulate the acceptable level of occupation and livestock categories for which the subsidy is paid.